Introduction. The causes and consequences of the global confrontation between Russia and the West after the collapse of the USSR in relation to the internal socio-economic problems of the country are considered. Materials and methods. The main challenges and risks for modern Russia are investigated using methods of comparative analysis of socio-economic policy based on the philosophical and political science aspects of universal evolutionism N.N. Moiseev. Results of the study. Introduction to scientific circulation of a document indicating the strengthening of external global challenges for modern Russia. The crisis of Western culture, family values and ideological confrontation, the intensification of attempts to revise the outcome of World War II is also a global challenge to Russian cultural and historical identity. Discussion. Further domestic and foreign studies is needed on the features of global challenges and risks for modern Russia; civilization approaches in assessing global risks for the Russian cultural and historical identity and the Russian world. Conclusion. In the current geopolitical situation, it is important to unite domestic and foreign scientists to form a modern scientific picture of the world, to conduct a comprehensive study of Russian civilization and to develop scientifically based responses to global challenges and risks.
Key words: globalization, challenges and risks, civilizational faults, identity, methodology.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-13-21