Editor-in-chief’s word
10.56429/2414-4894-2022-41-3-3-6

10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-5-12

Introduction. The causes and consequences of the global confrontation between Russia and the West after the collapse of the USSR in relation to the internal socio-economic problems of the country are considered. Materials and methods. The main challenges and risks for modern Russia are investigated using methods of comparative analysis of socio-economic policy based on the philosophical and political science aspects of universal evolutionism N.N. Moiseev. Results of the study. Introduction to scientific circulation of a document indicating the strengthening of external global challenges for modern Russia. The crisis of Western culture, family values and ideological confrontation, the intensification of attempts to revise the outcome of World War II is also a global challenge to Russian cultural and historical identity. Discussion. Further domestic and foreign studies is needed on the features of global challenges and risks for modern Russia; civilization approaches in assessing global risks for the Russian cultural and historical identity and the Russian world. Conclusion. In the current geopolitical situation, it is important to unite domestic and foreign scientists to form a modern scientific picture of the world, to conduct a comprehensive study of Russian civilization and to develop scientifically based responses to global challenges and risks.
Key words: globalization, challenges and risks, civilizational faults, identity, methodology.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-13-21

Introduction. The importance of elite identity values has long been in the focus of researcher’s attention and all of them agree that it is the elites who determine the strategy and tactics of the state’s domestic and foreign policy. It is the political nature of the elites’ identity that defines their approaches to many values, such as: equality, freedom, distribution of benefits, and the priorities in external and internal political issues. Materials and methods. Historical analysis is used to study the factors influencing the formation of political identity in Russia which guarantees an objective understanding of the problem. Besides, it is necessary to take into account a close correlation between the language and the culture, for which we suggest to apply the sociolinguistic isomorphism method. Results of the study. The evolution of political elites always follows one and the same path: they quickly enter into the political arena, act actively, try to really change the lives of the people for the better. The language is an utmost embodiment of identity and as such it reflects the main trends in socio-political life of the society, giving an unbiased reflection of people’s attitude to what is happening in the country which entails specific word-formation mechanisms. Discussion. Russian elites in the course of Russian history were represented by the boyars, the nobles, the party elite of the CPSU and the new Russian elite. A huge number of privileges enjoyed by the elite led to extremely negative reaction of the society, which often leads to dramatic, revolutionary changes, the latter being reflected in linguistic word-building mechanisms. Conclusion. The values of the elites are often perceived by the society as contradicting the Russian values, contradicting the innate values of “justice” of the Russian people, which is always reflected in the dictionary of certain historical phases.
Key words: political elites, boyars, nobility, word)formation mechanisms, abbreviation, national identity
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-22-33

Introduction. In the context of the strategic aggravation of the geopolitical situation, as well as the fact that the Eurasian (post-Soviet) space is itself subject to many external and internal threats, the question of the necessity and sufficiency, as well as the consistency of collective security measures in this region, is relevant. The aim of the work is to clarify the relative level of readiness of the countries of the key security organization in the post-Soviet space – the CSTO, to these threats. Materials and methods. The method of comparative analysis, the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, and the approaches of system analysis are used in the work. Results of the study. In the post-Soviet space, Russia, Armenia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan have the largest defense spending relative to GDP. At the same time, most of the CSTO countries have defense spending not very large 1%. A similar situation is faced with NATO, where the United States bears the main burden, while the young “satellite” of the bloc – the Baltic countries have to bear a more serious burden of ensuring security for the economy. Discussion. The level of defense spending in Russia as a whole is fully consistent with the level of threats to its security, the need to help ensure the security of allied countries (primarily the CSTO). At the same time, the high level of military-technical and military-educational cooperation between Russia and foreign countries, as well as information attacks of the West on its indicators, are evidence of Russia’s global authority in the field of security. Conclusion. There are a number of areas of the need to ensure collective security (humanitarian, information, biological), the development and elaboration of consensus on which at the strategic level needs to be intensified.
Key words: defense spending, national security spending, military-industrial complex, collective security, CSTO, NATO, CIS, arms exports.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-34-47

Introduction. The article reveals the issue of Crimean “Verkhovna Rada” rationale according to “remedial secession” prerequisites. Materials and methods. To figure out the issues of the article, we need to follow the methodology of legal courts. Thus, an instrument of dispute settlement requires both fact-finding and evaluation of facts, legal interpretation, and application of rules to facts. This article’s fact-finding is however limited to elements necessary to adjudicate whether right subsumption is annexation or remedial secession. Results of the study. This part does reveal “Western position” to Crimean turmoil – i.e. disagreement on whether Crimea process of referendum and resolution of independence combined (the “Crimean formula”) is contradictory to international law. Discussion. This article focuses on following issues: First, justification of Crimea secession from Ukraine. Which are the motivations of the Crimean “Verkhovna Rada“? The query is whether these aims supports or ruins peoples’ right to remedial secession. Conclusion. Given all the facts, the western powers’ criticism is conceivable. However, as these two articles reveal, Crimea – events does not fit into western version: antagonists fail to make evident “the annexation-story” on Russian “invasion” of Crimea March 2014.
Key words: International law, Crimean remedial secession, Referendum, Coup d’etats, annexation.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-48-61

Introduction. The expediency of analyzing Trump’s immigration policy as one of the markers of the tendency to shift balance of power relations in USA under the “imperial presidency” new modification is substantiated. Materials and methods. The source base of the article was the executive directives and proclamations of Trump, international declarations, the results of opinion polls by private NGOs, studies of Russian and foreign academic centers, etc. In the research methodology, the authors adhere to an integrative approach. Results of the study. An analysis of the actions of Trump in the field of building an immigration policy and the specifics of their legal registration is carried out. Under Trump, the United States withdrew from significant international agreements on migrants and refugees. He limited the influx of refugees and visitors from muslim countries to the United States, and also set out to abolish DACA and halve leal immigration. Discussion. The administration’s attempt to restore order in the field of immigration without a comprehensive immigration reform, relying solely on a momentary, repressive measures, contributed to the polarization of society and the securitization of immigration issues. Conclusion. The politicization of immigration issues increases with the beginning of a new electoral cycle and the intensification of the struggle between Democrats and Republicans. At the same time, the social division deepens and one of the key elements of American identity is eroded – the presentation of oneself as a “nation of immigrants”. The abuse of this law in the field of immigration policy testifies to the drift of the American political system in the opposite direction to democracy.
Key words: immigration policy, Donald Trump, USA, executive order, proclamation, muslim ban, DACA.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-62-74

Introduction. This article is devoted to the activities of the Bank for International Settlements that contributed to European integration. Historical political milestones are particularly emphasized. Materials and methods. The main sources of this research were publicly available archives of the Bank for International Settlements and institutions that it dealt with. Key research methods were the historical approach, which was used to understand the origin of the European integration process, and the political analysis of both the ideological preparation process and the initial stage of the European integration project. Results of the study. The Bank participated in major projects to restore and unify the European economy, starting from the Marshall Plan in 1948, until January 2002, when the euro finally replaced national EU countries’ currencies. The governors of European central banks and politicians favouring European integration cooperated at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, eventually overcoming all anti-integration trends. Discussion. The consequences of the Bank’s activities surpass the monetary/financial sphere and take on a political nature. This article positions the Bank as one of the primary institutions driving the European integration project. Conclusion. The study revealed that the Bank for International Settlements played not only an economic role, but also a political role, which is especially manifested in the process of European integration.
Key words: European integration, Marshall Plan, Bank for International Settle_ments, European Coal and Steel Community, European Central Bank.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-75-84

Abstract. The article describes the main events and summarizes the results of the autumn stage of the International Scientific Congress “Globalistics_-2020: Glo_bal Problems and the Future of Humanity”. The article notes that the Congress was held virtually. All events were decided to be held online in Russian and English with using videoconferencing. Key words: Globalistics, World Academy of Art and Science, UNESCO, Club of Rome, Faculty of Global Studies, the future of humankind.
10.56429/2414-4894-2020-34-4-85-97

In Memory of Arkady D. Ursul